Permafrost is a crucial component of the cryosphere and hydrosphere, serving as a sensitive indicator of global climate change and playing a significant role in global water and energy cycles. The soil water infiltration process is a key aspect of the hydrological and ecological systems in permafrost regions. Under the persistent influence of global warming, the underlying surface conditions in these regions have undergone dramatic changes, significantly affecting soil infiltration processes. Taking the permafrost region of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau as an example, this paper reviews the main influencing factors of soil infiltration in permafrost areas, summarizes key infiltration equations and models while discussing their applicability in permafrost regions, and analyzes the aspects requiring attention in constructing infiltration equations for these areas. Furthermore, it explores the trends of infiltration processes under global climate change and highlights the need for extensive and in-depth field observations and experimental studies in the future. Emphasis should be placed on the impact of soil freeze-thaw state changes on infiltration interfaces, as well as enhanced research on the effects of global climate change on soil infiltration processes. Interdisciplinary collaboration is essential to improve hydrological modeling and prediction capabilities in permafrost regions. The analysis of infiltration processes in these areas can provide support for studying water cycles under changing environmental conditions.