Abstract: In order to quantitatively analyze the response characteristics of surface runoff to land use change. Based on the measured runoff data, weather data and land use data of the upper Fu River from 2005 to 2019, constructed SWAT model based on ArcGIS10.2, analysing the response pattern of surface runoff to land use change at the HRU scale, exploring surface runoff effects of different land use types. The results were summarized as follows. (1)The SWAT model had good applicability in the Fu River. (2)The main types of land use in the upper Fu River from 2005 to 2019 were forest land and cultivated land, while construction land expanded at the fastest rate. (3)Increased fragmentation of land in the upper Fu River is primarily attributed to the fragmentation of cultivated land caused by the expansion of forest land and construction land, resulting in a rise in the number of hydrological response units. (4)Monthly surface runoff coefficients in the upper Fu River are positively correlated with precipitation, showing an increasing and then decreasing trend throughout the year. As a result of the reduction in cultivated land and the increase in construction land, the surface runoff in the upper Fu River shows an increasing trend. (5)The order of surface runoff of land use status from 2005 to 2019 different land use types is construction land>cultivated land>forest land.