广义单位线在山洪模拟中的适用性分析
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作者单位:

1.郑州大学水利与科学工程学院;2.水利部信息中心

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P338

基金项目:

国家重点研发计划资助项目(2019YFC1510703);国家自然科学基金资助项目(51979250);黄河实验室一流课题专项基金项目(YRL22IR02)


Applicability Analysis of Generalized Unit Hydrograph in Flash Flood Simulation
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1.School of Water Conservancy and Science Engineering,Zhengzhou university,Zhengzhou,Henan;2.Information Center of the Ministry of Water Resources,Beijing

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    摘要:

    流域产汇流理论是水文预报的重要基础。2021年郭俊克提出的广义单位线把流域对净雨的调蓄作用概化为M个等效线性水库并联,为汇流计算提供了新方法,并在欧美等国家得以应用。为检验其在山洪模拟中的适用性,于淮河、长江选取4个小支流共56场典型洪水作为研究对象,与Nash单位线法对比分析暴雨洪水过程。结果表明:两种方法的模拟精度均达到了乙级精度要求标准,但从评价指标来看,广义单位线法的平均纳什效率系数、峰现时间及其合格率(0.79、0.90 h、98.30%)优于Nash单位线法(0.75、1.09 h、94.34%)。广义单位线综合了流域地形地貌特征,可以更好的表征流域汇流特性,适用性较强,为国内山洪灾害预警预报提供了新思路。

    Abstract:

    The theory of watershed runoff generation and concentration is an important basis for hydrological forecasting. Generalized unit hydrograph proposed in 2021. The generalization of the watershed's contribution to net rainfall storage as M equivalent linear reservoirs in parallel provided a new method for catchment calculation and had been applied in countries such as Europe and the United States. To test its applicability in flash flood simulation, four small tributaries of Huaihe and Yangtze rivers were selected as the study objects and the rainstorm flood process was compared with Nash unit hydrograph method. The results had shown that the simulation reached the standard of Class B accuracy requirement, but from the evaluation indexes, the average Nash efficiency coefficient, peak present time and its passing rate of the generalized unit hydrograph (0.79, 0.90 h, 98.30%) were better than the Nash unit hydrograph (0.75, 1.09 h, 94.34%). Moreover, it integrated the topographic and geomorphological features of the watershed, which can better characterize the watershed catchment characteristics and has strong applicability, providing a new idea for domestic flash flood hazard warning and forecasting.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-01-12
  • 最后修改日期:2023-05-17
  • 录用日期:2023-05-22
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