On the basis of the second water resources survey and evaluation in China, this paper analyzed the changes in therunoff series of the 347 hydrology stations and the variation of the low value by comparing the changes of the runoff series of theseven major basins, reflecting the changes in the hydrological situation of the basins in the last 10 years. The natural runoff isgenerally partial, and the design runoff of the Songliao River, Haihe River and Yellow River have been reduced, and the changetrend of the runoff in the Yangtze River, Huaihe River, Taihu Lake and Pearl River are not significant in the last 10 years. Afterthe extension, the representative of the runoff series is better, and the impact of underlying surface on rainfall-runoff relationshiphas be considered for the Yellow River Basin.