To identify the groundwater quality and recharge sources from different aquifers (including Quaternary aquifers, CretaceousLuohe aquifer, Jurassic Zhiluo and Anding aquifer, Jurassic Yanan aquifer) in Shendong mining areas, the samples were collectedand analyzed for the general chemical index, toxicological index and Environmental isotopes (D, 18O, 3H). Environmental isotopes (D,18O, 3H) of various aquifers in conjunction with the regional hydrological geological settings were conducted to identify the groundwaterrecharge sources. Then, through the conjunctive use of the single factor comprehensive evaluation and the identification factor,the current status of groundwater quality was identified. The human health risk of toxicological index was also assessed by themodel which was recommended by the U.S. environmental protection agency (USEPA). The results show: (1) Groundwater from Quaternaryaquifers, Cretaceous Luohe aquifer and shallow Jurassic pore-fissure aquifers are directly supplied by modern atmosphericprecipitation, which result in a strong renewal ability. Conversely, the deep Jurassic fracture fissure water are mainly formed duringlate Pleistocene and have barely connection with modern precipitation. (2) The groundwater quality of Jurassic Yanan aquifer ispoor, showing that IV-V class groundwater accounted for 47.9%. Water quality of other aquifers is generally good. According toIV-V class groundwater, Na+>Fluoride>TDS>Chloride>Sulfate are the main influence factors. (3) Among the toxicological indexes,Fluoride has the highest health risk with 18.6% samples exceeded the limit of 1×10-6 a-1 and the health risk of other toxicologicalindexes are generally within the acceptable limit. Thus, fluoride is the primary control index for environmental health risk management.This study would provide scientific advice for the select and protection of groundwater source site in Shendong mining area.