This paper used Standard Precipitation Index (SPI) to analyze the temporal and spatial characteristics of climate drought in InnerMongolia in recent 64 years, according to the precipitation data from the 70 meteorology stations during 1951-2014. The results show: ln therecent 64 years, there was a humid trend in western part in spring, autumn and winter, a humid trend in the central part in spring and autumn,and a humid trend in the eastern part in spring and winter while there was a drought trend in the other areas; ln the central and eastern parts,the abrupt of plant growth period occurred in 2001 and 1990. After that, there was a drought trend in the eastern part which turned to humid in2006. There was a severe drought in the western part during 1960s, a severe drought in the central and eastern parts from 1990s to 2000s. Theannual SPI showed a downward trend of drought rate from the northwest to southeast in the western part, and it was from the south to north inthe western part. The trend of the drought rate in central part was bigger than those in the western and eastern parts. The spatial variation ofSPI during plant growing period had a consistency with the interannual variation, but the areas of drought in the western and central parts wereexpanding.