According to the water balance analysis, the available total local water resources quantity is 91.04×108 m3 . The study was made on wa ter consumption, utilization efficiency of water resources and its influence factors. The results show that the cumulative distribution curve of the utilization efficiency ofwater resourceswasV-shapefrom 2000to 2014inChengdu, Sichuan Province andthe utilization efficiency reachedthelowest in 2009. Urbanization has obvious negative correlation on the utilization efficiency of water resources, while the development of industrialization and economic level can contribute to the utilization efficiency. By the analysis of water consumption structure, it can be concluded that urbanization has little effect on agricultural water consumption, mainly because Chengdu is rich of water resources. It is not obvious to occupy agricultural water consumption with the development of urbanization and industrialization. The water requirements in Chengdu was predicted to be 40.02×108 m3 applying BP neutral network, and the total local water resources quantity can meet the requirements in the study area.