Taking the Huaihe River Basin as the study object, frequency analysis of extreme precipitation was analyzed by means of the regional L-moments method in this paper. The results show that six hydrometerological homogeneous regions are formed based on the meteorological factor and hydrological statistical properties, which pass the heterogeneity and discordance measurement. Next, we determined the optimum distribution from different durations for each region using Monte Carlo simulations, the root mean square error and L-moment ratio diagram. The optimum distributions for the 24-hour duration are GEV, GNO, GLO, GEV, GLO and GEV. A complete set of quantile estimates for various durations (24-hour, 3-day, 5-day and 7-day） and return periods (from 2-year to 1000-year) can be obtained by using regional L-moments method in the Huaihe River Basin. The highest frequency estimates were observed in the northeast Yimeng mountainous area, which is in the agreement with the observation. It provides a robust and reliable method for frequency analysis, which can be applied to other regions of China.