This study was based on ArcGIS to build distributed hydrological model SWAT to simulation of the watershed hydrological processes of the Hailar River upstream basin. In order to study the applicability of the model in the Hailar River upstream, through integration the based data of the basin, the model using the measured runoff data from 1999 to 2003 to parameter calibration, and the measured runoff data from 2004 to 2010 to validate the model. The comparison beween the simulated and measured monthly and annual runoff show that the Nash coefficient of Ens and correlation coefficient R2 calibration and validation periods are respectively 0.861~0.873 and 0.877~0.861. Based on the two evaluation criteria, the SWAT model has a good applicability in the Hailar River upstream basin, and also could provide the basis to the basin water resources manage - ment.