Precipitation is one of the decisive factors in regional drought evaluation. This paper adopted the observed data at the 10 stations in Yiliang County during recent to analyze drought risk and water shortage by using the local drought risk and water shortage model. The result shows that there is the maximum risk when the drought area reach 57.49% of the total area in Yiliang County, and local average annual water shortage is 391.7976 million m3 .