Applied the ESSI distributed hydrological model, the rainfall runoff in different time scales and the spatial distributions were simulated and forested in the upper reaches of the Huaihe River above the Xiaoliuxiang Station. By choosing suitable model scenario, model calibration parameters were achieved from calibration period (2001~2004) and reused in validation the period from 2006 to 2009. It is found that the ESSI model has good applicability and correctly describes the hydrological processes in the study area. Meanwhile, the spa - tial distribution simulated from ESSI shows great conformity with the objective laws of basin, indicating ESSI model has reasonable description and expression for the hydrological process. Above all, the ESSI model pro - vides a good simulation platform for researching spatial and temporal distribution of water resources.