Assessment for the six drinking water sources at the Chongqing section on the Jialingjiang River from 2009 to 2011 was madebased on the WQI model and the water environmental health risk analysis model, and the difference between the main factors of the twomethods was compared. The results show that the water quality of these water sources is still good in general, and there is a littledifference between urban and suburban, but the health risk level for individual person is generally high, and that in the city is higher thanthat in the suburb. Various kinds of pollutants are possible to affect the WQI value while the carcinogens (As, Cd, and especially Cr6+)arethe main factors affecting R 总. The two models have different emphasis, using WQI model and the water environmental health risk analysismodel will be beneficial to assessing the water quality and the impact on human health objectively and comprehensively.