The statistical method was used to analyze the spatial-temporal distribution of rainfall, runoff and evaporation in the middle Shanxisince 1970s. The results show that the rainfall in the area is less than normal, there great is inter-annual variation of the rainfall, and the annu -al distribution is uneven. The runoff gradually has decreased since 1970s, and the decreasing trend is more obvious after 2000. The evapora -tion has increased since 1990s. The analysis was also made on the agricultural droughts and drought damages occurred in this area since1990s. The results show that the rainfall, runoff and evaporation are important factors affecting the agricultural droughts.