The present reservoir regulation can be divided into two kinds for flood control and social benefits. In view of river eco-system protection, most of the reservoir regulation plans have not considered the factor of river coo-system. This paper analyzed connotation of ecological regulation, introduced the development of large hydraulic projects in ecological operation at home and abroad, and explained what is ecological operation. On this base, special ecological operations were suggested in coo-environment water requirement, ecological flood, flow and sediment, water quality, ecological factors regulation and etc..