Since the People's Republic of China proclaimed her founding, Chinese water resources service has rapidlygrown up, which is available to promoe the society developing and economy flourishing. China is one of the countries that areshort of per capita water resouroes in the world. How to develop water resources coordinately with society, economy and envi-ronment to make the utilization of water resources sustained is still the key to the counny's sustained development. This paperreviews the course of the development, utilization, protection and management of water resources in China, introduces brieflythe main achievements of theirs, and has a prospect of the sustained utilization of water resources in the 2lst century.